Simple present

Cinderela

HORTATORY EXPOSITION

HORTATORY EXPOSITION
Social function : To persuade the reader or listener that something should or should not be the case.
Generic structure
1. Thesis announcement of issue concern.
2. Argument : reason for concern, leading to recommendation
3. Recommendation : statement of what ought or ought not to happen.

Thesis

         International Labour Organisation’s (ILO) major project is the reduction of child-labour. The use of child-labour in the manufacturing of products is very strong in East Asia. Children as young as six and seven work at jobs from 6.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m. They work in conditions which are very unhealthy. They are just given one meal a day.
 

Argument

          ILO recognizes the fact that child labour has been around for al long time. In the UK, there used to be children of five and six years working in the cloth mills of Lancashire and in the coal mines. Employers found children less troublesome. They could also be paid less.
 

Argument 

           Nowadays child labour is very common in Asia and Africa. In India and Afghanistan employers use child labour in the carpet and glass industries. They claim that young children have nimble fingers. They can do the job better than adults.
 

Argument 

            Child labour is undesirable. Yet it seems to be necessary in low - income countries. Poverty often makes child labour necessary. Poor families need the money that their children earn.
 

Recommendation 

             Schooling is necessary in the battle against child labour. One of the main problems with schooling is its cost. Parents have to find the money for school fees, uniforms, school books and pencils. Then there is the cost of transport to school. An ILO report in 1996 recommended that income of parents be raised. If they get a better income, these children would be sent to school. So the first priority should be to provide skills training for parents. Then they would be able to earn more and be able to send their children to school.

Adapted from: Informational English for Senior High School

EXPLANATION

EXPLANATION
Social function : To explain the processes involved in the formation or workings of natural or socio cultural phenomena.
Generic structure
1. A general statement: Position the reader.
2. A sequenced explanation of why or how something occurs.


General statement

         Speech production is made possible by the specialized movement of our vocal organ that generate speech sound waves.
A sequenced explanation

         Like all sound production require a source of energy. The source of energy for speech production is the steady stream of air that comes from the lungs as we exhale. When we breathe normally, the air stream is inaudible. To become audible, the air stream must vibrate rapidly. The vocal cords cause the air stream to vibrate.
         As we talk, the vocal cords open and lose rapidly, chops up the steady air stream in to a series of puffs. These puffs are heard as a buzz. But this buzz is still not a speech.
         To produce speech sound, the vocal tract must change shape. During speech we continually alter the shape of the vocal tract by moving the tongue and lips, etc. These movements change the acoustic properties of the vocal tract, which in turn produce the different sounds of speech.

Adapted from: An English Text book for Senior High School