Adverb
Clause
Adverbial Clause adalah Clause (anak kalimat) yang berfungsi sebagai Adverb, yakni menerangkan kata kerja.
Adverbial Clause adalah Clause (anak kalimat) yang berfungsi sebagai Adverb, yakni menerangkan kata kerja.
Adverbial Clause
biasanya diklasifikasikan berdasarkan "arti/maksud" dari Conjunction
(kata penghubung yang mendahuluinya).
Jenis-jenis
Adverbial Clause antara lain: Clause of Time, Clause of Place, Clause of Contrast (or Concession), Clause of Manner, Clause of Purpose and Result, Clause of Cause and Effect/Clause of Condition.
1. Clause of Time
Clause yang menunjukkan
waktu. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti
after, before, no sooner, while, as, dll.
Contoh:
- Shut the door before you go out.
- You may begin when(ever) you are ready.
- While he was walking home, he saw an accident.
- By the time I arrive, Alex will have left.
- No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.
2. Clause of Place
Clause yang menunjukkan
tempat. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction seperti where,
nowhere, anywhere, wherever, dll.
Contoh:
- They sat down wherever they could find empty seats
- The guard stood where he was positioned.
- Where there is a will, there is a way.
- Where there is poverty, there we find discontent and unrest.
- Go where you like.
3. Clause of Contrast (or Concession)
Clause
yang menunjukkan adanya pertentangan antara dua kejadian atau peristiwa yang
saling berhubungan. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata
penghubung) seperti although, though, even though, whereas, even if, in
spite of, as the time, dll.
Contoh:
- As the time you were sleeping, we were working hard.
- Mary wanted to stop, whereas I wanted to go on.
- Although it is late, we'll stay a little longer.
- He is very friendly, even if he is a clever student.
4. Clause of Manner
Clause yang menunjukkan
cars bagaimana suatu pekerjaan dilakukan atau peristiwa terjadi. Biasanya
dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti as, how,
like, in that, dll.
Contoh:
- He did as I told him.
- You may finish it how you like.
- They may beat us again, like they did in 1978.
5. Clause of Purpose and Result
Clause yang menunjukkan
hubungan maksud/tujuan dan hasil. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan kata
penghubung seperti (in order) that, so that, in the hope that, to the end
that, lest, in case, dll.
Contoh:
- They went to the movie early (in order) to find the best seats.
- She bought a book so (that) she could learn English
- He is saving his money so that he may take a long vacation.
- I am working night and day in the hope that I can finish this book soon.
6. Clause of Cause and Effect
Clause
yang menunjukkan hubungan sebab dan akibat. Ada beberapa pola membentuk Clause
jenis ini. Perhatikan baik-baik.
Contoh:
- Ryan ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.
- It was so cold yesterday that I didn't want to swim.
- The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more.
- The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.
Di samping itu, untuk
mengungkapkan hubungan cause and effect (sebab dan akibat) dapat digunakan pola
lain, yaitu:
1.
Menggunakan Preposition (kata depan) seperti because of, due to, due to the
fact that, dll
Contoh:
- Because of the cold weather, we stayed home. (=We stayed home because of the cold weather)
- Due to the cold weather, we stayed home. (=We stayed home due to the cold weather)
- Due to the fact that the weather was cold, we stayed home. (=We stayed home due to the fact that the weather was cold)
2.
Menggunakan kata penghubung (conjunction) seperti because, since, now, that,
as, as long as, in as much as
Contoh:
- Because he was sleepy, he went to bed.
- Since he's not interested in classical music, he decided not to go to the concert.
- As she had nothing in particular to do, she called up a friend and asked her if she wanted to take in a movie.
- In as much as the two government leaders could not reach an agreement, the possibilities for peace are still remote.
3.
Menggunakan transition words seperti therefore, consequently.
Contoh:
- Alex failed the test because he didn't study.
- Alex didn't study. Therefore, he failed the test.
- Alex didn't study. Consequently, he failed the test.
Catatan:
Beberapa
Adverb Clause dapat diubah menjadi Modifying Phrases dengan cara:
1)
Menghilangkan subjek dari dependent Clause dan verb (be).
Contoh:
a.
ADVERB CLAUSE : While I was walking to class, I ran into an
old friend.
b.
MODIFYING PHRASE : While walking to
class, I ran into an old friend.
2)
Jika dalam Adverb Clause tidak ada be, hilangkanlah subjek dan ubahlah
verb dalam Adverb Clause itu menjadi bentuk -ing.
Contoh:
a.
ADVERB CLAUSE : Before I left for work, I ate breakfast.
b.
MODIFYING PHRASE : Before leaving for
work, I ate breakfast.
Adverb
Clause dapat diubah menjadi Modifying Phrase jika subjek dari adverb Clause
dan subjek dari main Clause sama.
Contoh:
1. DAPAT DIRUBAH
- While I was sitting in class, I fell asleep MENJADI While sitting in class, I fell asleep.
- While Ann was sitting in class, she fell asleep MENJADI While sitting in class, Ann fell asleep.
- Since Mary came to this country, she has made many friends MENJADI Since coming to this country, Mary has made many friends.
2. TIDAK DAPAT DIRUBAH
- While the teacher was lecturing to the class, I fell asleep.
- While we were walking home, a frog hopped across the road in front of us.
7. Clause of Condition
Clause yang menunjukkan
adanya persyaratan antara dua kejadian (peristiwa) yang berhubungan. Biasanya
dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunctions seperti if, even if, unless, in the
even that, or in even that, in case, provided (that), providing (that), on
condition that, if only, suppose (that), supposing (that), dll.
Contoh:
- If I see him, I will invite him to the party tomorrow.
- She would forgive her husband everything, if only he would come back to her.
- Suppose (that) your house burns down, do you have enough insurance to cover such a loss.
- In case a robbery occurs in the hotel, the management must be notified at once.
- The company will agree to arbitration on condition (that) the strike is called off at once.
- We should be able to do the job for you quickly, provided (that) you give us all the necessary information.
Combine
the following sentences/clause using the cause effect conjunction to form
adverbial clause!
1. She studied hard.
She passed the test
2. I was late. I did
not get the tickets for the show
3. I set my alarm for
5 am. I didn’t want to miss my sport class
4. He is a
perfectionist. He puts all the things in order perfectly.
5. I got stomachache.
I ate a lot of spicy food.
